| |
|
Some Question normally we ask
| ITGYAAN GYAN |
| |
|
|
| A honeypot is a sort of a trap to catch hackers and malicious attackers red-handed. It is named after the famous fairy tale of the teddybear named Winny-the-Pooh, who is trapped and caught for stealing honey. A honeypot is made to look invitingly and temptingly vulnerable for a hacker and use his / her ego and naive curiousity against himself / herself. A honeypot can be a false unused IP address tagged by a receptor / alarm or a weak looking unencrypted server which contains software that attaches a software on the hacker's computer to help cybercops to track him / her. Time and time again, honeypots prove the age-old adages, "Pride leads to downfall" and "Curiosity kills the cat". |
|
|
|
| Virtualization is a new method of running two virtual machines on the same hardware. Remember very well that although this can be done with emulators such as bochs, emulators are never optimized for performance. Their only purpose is to test for functionality. Virtualization is the process by which we run more than one OSes simultaneously on the same computer. This is a great way of reducing the hardware required to run two seperate machines and also fully use the processor of the one machine that will be used, especially if the machine is only a listening server. It makes sense to use it to pool all the server software running on different OSes on that machine. Each machine can be seperately controlled using a control panel. There are a hell lot of virtualization software available all over the IT world. VmWare is the most popular that runs on top of Windows. The other one is Xen, which is opensource and runs on Linux and is growing more and more popular day by day and is being ported to W32 and W64 environments |
|
|
|
| Well, there are two levels of programs on any computer, user mode and kernel mode. However the processor can support 4 levels called Rings. Ring 0 to Ring 3. The kernel typically runs at Ring 0 which is the most free in terms commands and memory allowed to b accessed and also the speed since this mode has direct access to registers and cache tables. Ring 3 is the user mode, used for user programs which can run as they please, under the assumption of memory protection, but cannot use caching and special registers directly. The virtualization software installs itself in between on Ring 1. This way, on top of the main OS kernel mode, the virtualization software can support the kernel modes of the virtualized OSes in Ring 2. Each virtualized OS can have its user mode on Ring 3. Lets take an example. Suppose I have Linux installed primarily on my machine. Then I install Xen. Now my Linux kernel is on Ring 0 and Xen is on Ring 1. Any OS like Windows XP which I install from within Xen will now have its kernel on Ring 2 on top of the virtualization. User modes of both Linux and Windows will be on Ring 3. In this way, all kernel mode ops will be in kernel mode and user mode ops in user mode. This is much better than an emulator which stacks everything up the user mode and has no seperate operational modes to test security and faults such as memory and segmentation errors. This also places undue pressure on the user mode and makes emulators very sluggish in performance. |
|
|
|
| Push to Talk is a new way of communication over mobile phones similar to using a walkie-talkie. Just like we tune to a base and push a button to talk and hear every time, mobile phones will be relieved of dialing and establishing a connection with phone numbers. Instead phone numbers will be used as phone IDs (to distinguish recepients, just like frequency is used in walkie-talkie), and we will be able to click on an ID, and enable talk with the receiver directly as in a walkie talkie without dialling, waiting for pickup and connection establishments. Tariff will on the amount of voice data bursts sent each time, since there will be no funda of calls and talk time. South and West USA, Canada, Netherlands, Finland and Germany are already regular users of Push-to-Talk |
|
|
|
| A thin client is a computer which does minimal processing and leaves the bulk of the processing on the server. Practically a thin client is a diskless or a low space computer with bare essential inputs and outputs to live off the processing of a server for its running. During its uptime a thin client does nothing but displays the desktop of the server and sends inputs to it. The software / firmware built in the thin client does nothing but communicates with the processes of the server and run them on the server itself but display and receive inputs on the client. It is a good substitute for having two seperate computers. One computer and one thin client can use the processor of the one computer better than two standalone computers at a cheaper sum of money as well. A thin client uses remote process communication protocols such as terminal services, rdesktop for accessing a Windows machine and XDMCP, Tarantulla for accessing a Linux machine to get access to the desktop and the process space of the server |
|
|
|
| Enterprise Application Integration is a process to manages and co-ordinates business activities and provide integration among the various applications running in the enterprise and also with the business partners' enterprises. Most of the integration is done through messaging APIs and messaging daemons and XML files / messages between the various applications. The main programming languages used in EAI messaging APIs are Java and .NET. VC++ and VB are also supported. The biggest product for EAI is the TIBCO Rendevouz which is geenrally used to integrate the TIBCO BusinessWorks suite of products, which offer Workflow and Business Intelligence software. IBM Websphere is a very good EAI product for Linux and it supports Java and Python. |
|
|
|
| All processors, video cards and other frequency based devices in a computer, support two modes of running, normal and the overclocked, which offers a burst of speed. Overclocking settings are setup in the BIOS and it is important to overclock all frequency based devices together to keep them in sync, otherwise they wont work, especially the video card, else u wont get a display. The burst of speed is very high in the order of twice or thrice. For example, a 2.4 GHz processor is capable of supplying upto 7 GHz. However overclocking builds heat in the processor, stress on the quartz timer and stronger electromagnetic waves in the displaymechanism. Overclocked running must not exceed an hour and is only to be done during extreme emergencies. No, completing a business system before its deadline, which is only one hour away is not an emergency. It is the naivity and demanding nature of the bosses. Many organizations have used overclocking as a tool to complete delayed business systems and lost their machines forever. It is only under a highly qualified and trained person that overclocking must be tried and synced. No, not ur typical computer vendor, he definitely is not what is a 'highly trained and qualified person' at all. He is just a diploma holder doing rote repeating of processes that he has learnt over the years, definitely not advisable to call him to overclock ur PC and lose everything in silicon vapours. Overclocking as an experiment and learning process is recommended on a second PC with a waste video card and a processor with a speed u cannot imagine even booting Windows, let alone use it. Definitely dont try this at home on ur working home PC, especially if ur computer table cloth is made of Chinese silk. Steer clear of the process until u know exactly what u r doing. Because this process will literally burst or melt ur processor with smoke and stench coming out. I have seen overclocking go haywire on an old 286, so i mean it and am not exagerrating. Of all the interesting things in computing, overclocking is the most controversial and the most dangerous to a computer and electrical system's health. Overclocking is only used practically when retrieving lost data from a backup tape drive copies of really sensitive and life-or-death information by organizations like NASA or medical organizations. You do not run to work daily all the way from home to office at the cost of getting sweaty and tired, u only run when crossing the road where there is no signal, to escape being smashed by container trucks |
|
|
| |
| SELF IMPROVEMENT |
|
|
| |
| GRAPHALOGY |
|
|
|
|
